{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title":"递归与偶然","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787576004694","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","uuid":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title":"递归与偶然","normalized_title":"递归与偶然","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787576004694","isbns":["9787576004694"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":401,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%80%92%E5%BD%92%E4%B8%8E%E5%81%B6%E7%84%B6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/search"},"page":{"printed_page":12,"pdf_page":24,"physical_index":24,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"6427032970ac937193a26225f635105d409c40642d48469378c24995a33cb86d"},"chapter":"《以世界主义为目标的普遍历史观念》","content":"在谢林那里我们也能看到类似的形式，但是谢林没有把自然与心灵的对立作为这种同一性的条件。相反，他把心灵和自然看作两个类似的结构和运作，正如他著名的主张：心灵是不可见的自然，自然是不可见的心灵。②这个类比建立在循环的基础上，就像柏拉图描述的古代世界的灵魂。这一循环运动的结构体现了自然和精神的无限生产力。它会遇到障碍，比如偶然事件，比如抑制(Hemmung)，生产力由此被现实化为产物，从自然的自然化(natura naturans)到自然化的自然(naturanaturata)。自然与精神、主体与客体的对立被抹消了，因为自然也成了主体—自然与心灵的同一性得以确立。在黑格尔那里，我们发现了另一种以双重否定(被称为辩证法)为特征的自反性逻辑，精神通过自反性把自然认作另一个自我，以便将其吸纳进整体中。\n\n12\n\n递归与偶然\n\n①译注：Anstoße或check同时有“检查”和“约束”的含义。编程语言中的CHECK通常译为检查约束。本书中的check根据上下文译作“约束”“检查”或“检查约束”。\n\n②这样，谢林也把自由赋予了自然，这是他与费希特、康德和笛卡尔的重要区别，后者的自由只针对主体或自我。见海德格尔，《谢林的“论人类自由的本质”》，第94页。","previous_page":11,"next_page":13}