{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title":"递归与偶然","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787576004694","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","uuid":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title":"递归与偶然","normalized_title":"递归与偶然","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787576004694","isbns":["9787576004694"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":401,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%80%92%E5%BD%92%E4%B8%8E%E5%81%B6%E7%84%B6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/search"},"page":{"printed_page":239,"pdf_page":251,"physical_index":251,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"d1879098505cc79beee9a26b6bf737639de56df850cd1d6f11c7d95a76c1f331"},"chapter":"第四章组织性的无机","content":"循环因果(causalité récurrente)是一种回到自身以作用于自身的因果关系—这是西蒙东有时称作内部共振(internalresonance)的反馈的一种转译。⑤循环因果是递归的。正是在这个意义上，西蒙东称那些具有由循环因果构建起来的环境的技术对象为技术个体(technicalindividuals)—它与技术要素(elements，如齿轮、二极管、三极管)和技术集合体(ensembles,如实验室或工厂)形成对比。这种回归自身以决定下一步行动的能力是“生物”意义上的“个体”标准。循环因果的确涉及反馈，但它岂不是也呼应着我们在上一章讲到的，维纳对牛顿主义和伯格森主义时间的对立的批判吗？如果牛顿机械论和伯格森生机论的对立被扬弃了，那是因为确立了第三种，即有机主义形式的组织，它既保存了前二者，又提升了它们的潜力。\n\n第四章 组织性的无机\n\n239\n\n① 同上，第179页。\n\n②同上，第180页。西蒙东认为，在人性的统一的方面，康德和孔德是一样的，他们唯一的区别或许是，这种统一在康德那里体现在个体中，在孔德那里体现在社群中。\n\n③ 同上。\n\n④西蒙东，《控制论的认识论》，见《论哲学》，第43、45页。\n\n⑤ 同上，第47页。","previous_page":238,"next_page":240}