{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title":"递归与偶然","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787576004694","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","uuid":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title":"递归与偶然","normalized_title":"递归与偶然","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787576004694","isbns":["9787576004694"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":401,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%80%92%E5%BD%92%E4%B8%8E%E5%81%B6%E7%84%B6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/search"},"page":{"printed_page":24,"pdf_page":36,"physical_index":36,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"2a6f98999419e62b86805cf0ac10a0cdc44592d1740fdff6c1fb0ebfbe37a16d"},"chapter":"《以世界主义为目标的普遍历史观念》","content":"§5 伟大的完结\n\n海德格尔的一个著名论断认为，控制论标志着形而上学的终结—或者我们可以称这一事件为伟大的完结（thegreat completion)。这种完成必须被理解为系统的具体化。海德格尔的断言需要被证明—这也是本书的任务之一，同时也应作为一个问题被重启。海德格尔[20]不仅看到控制论的主要特征是把每个过程都转化为可计算、可驾驭(Steuerung)的过程，他也把控制论理解为一种新方法对科学的胜利(Sieg)。这种方法是“反馈”的概念化：“因此，相互关联的过程的相互(hinund herlaufende)调节在圆周运动中展开…控制论世界的基本特征是控制回路(control loop)。”①反馈不仅被用来理解存在本身，即把存在看作循环过程，也被用来理解作为整体的存在，即希腊语topanta意义上的整体。控制论中从存在本身到作为整体的存在的轨迹，也是从一阶控制论向二阶控制论过渡的特征，尼克拉斯·卢曼(NiklasLuhmann)的系统论是二阶控制论的最高成就之一。\n\n卢曼有一句名言：“哪怕上帝不存在(et si no dareturDeus)，系统也还是产生了”，这个系统从他和塔尔科特·帕森斯(Talcott Parsons)所说的“双重偶然性”的基础上产生；\n\n24\n\n递归与偶然\n\n① 马丁·海德格尔，《艺术的起源与思想的规定》(Die Herkunftder Kunst und die Bestimmung des Denkens)，见《思维经验》(Denker-fahrungen)，美因河畔法兰克福，1983年，第141—42页。","previous_page":23,"next_page":25}