{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title":"递归与偶然","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787576004694","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","uuid":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title":"递归与偶然","normalized_title":"递归与偶然","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787576004694","isbns":["9787576004694"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":401,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%80%92%E5%BD%92%E4%B8%8E%E5%81%B6%E7%84%B6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/search"},"page":{"printed_page":244,"pdf_page":256,"physical_index":256,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"cb1223e06d1a1f3a9831b9607604e5cf94553100a8c409730a2a77d9a4eeee46"},"chapter":"第四章组织性的无机","content":"现在，我们将试着找出递归性在西蒙东以个体化为例的流程学中的作用。我们可以把人类的个体化理解为两种现实或结构心灵和集体之间交流与变换的操作，它始于某种成问题的东西。我们或许可以把问题的解决理解为占据目的或终极目的的位置。西蒙东指出，心理主义和社会学主义都犯了一个致命错误，它们都试图把心灵和集体这两种现实实体化，使它们互相对立。从任何一个极点出发的分析都有局限性。这种实体化的倾向产生于想把握人的本质的愿望。②心理主义认为社会是个体内部活动的投射，而不考虑个体内部的张力；社会学主义则从外在性角度把个体视为产物，而不考虑个体的能动性。[195]在西蒙东看来，个体和社会不是实体性的现实，而是关系的集合(ensemblesof relations)。\n\n244\n\n递归与偶然\n\n①当然，西蒙东不是第一个谈到这个问题的人：恩斯特·卡西尔已经讨论过康德式先验没能涵盖的作为综合的符号形式，康拉德·洛伦兹(Konrad Lorenz)则把康德的先验解释为系统发生(phylogenesis)的后验，见康拉德·洛伦兹的《当代生物学视角下的康德先验学说》(Kant'sDoctrine of the A Priori in the Light of Contemporary Biology),《—般系统，一般系统研究学会年鉴》(General Systems. Yearbook of the Societyo f General Systems Research),7,1962 年，第 23—35 页。\n\n②西蒙东，《以形式和信息观念重新理解个体化》，第289页。","previous_page":243,"next_page":245}