{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title":"递归与偶然","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787576004694","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","uuid":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title":"递归与偶然","normalized_title":"递归与偶然","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787576004694","isbns":["9787576004694"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":401,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%80%92%E5%BD%92%E4%B8%8E%E5%81%B6%E7%84%B6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/search"},"page":{"printed_page":298,"pdf_page":310,"physical_index":310,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"cac5f29af7d6cc211626ad214efd88cde03175752cdbe84702300bedf06a76d5"},"chapter":"第五章剩余的非人","content":"这里有一点是含糊的，是因为康德把反思性判断展现为一种通向哲学领域的统一的启发法，这类似维纳希望“反馈”概念在各个科学学科中实现的东西。换句话说，正如我们在前面阐明的，反思性判断是一种使系统理论得以可能的方法。同时，它对利奥塔来说似乎又是一种反系统的机制。这正是含糊性所在：反思性判断同时是使|239系统得以可能的东西，也是非系统性的。这怎么可能呢？\n\n我们不能马上回答这个问题，但有必要在这里指明这个悖论。当我们说反思性判断是反系统的，有两个原因。首先，反思逻辑高于范畴逻辑。正如康德在《纯粹理性批判》题为“论反思概念的歧义”的附录中所说，反思(deliberation,re-flexio)并不意味着直接从物体中得出概念，而是心灵的一种状态，在其中我们发现了“[仅凭它才]能够抵达概念的诸主观条件”。②反思不受范畴或纯粹概念的限制，相反，它是对先验范畴的补充。在前面提到的附录中康德表明，看到两滴有同样特性的水时，人们无法像根据范畴的功能区分实体那样把它们区分开，因为这两滴水在逻辑上是相同的。只有通过先验反思，差异才在这四个主题下显示出来：同一性/差异性、一致/对立、内部/外部、可规定性/规定性。因此对利奥塔来说，反思把范畴的规定性推到一边，但没有完全否定它们：\n\n298\n\n递归与偶然\n\n① 同上，第18页。\n\n②康德，《纯粹理性批判》，沃纳·普鲁哈译，印第安纳波利斯：Hackett,1996年,A261,B317。","previous_page":297,"next_page":299}