{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title":"递归与偶然","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787576004694","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","id":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","uuid":"ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title":"递归与偶然","normalized_title":"递归与偶然","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787576004694","isbns":["9787576004694"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":401,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%80%92%E5%BD%92%E4%B8%8E%E5%81%B6%E7%84%B6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ea3b7167-0435-4a94-84b9-80a5359326a4/search"},"page":{"printed_page":53,"pdf_page":65,"physical_index":65,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"7e5bfa410a327d91cdc0ca08041c027c2f5bcdee0f9c524f4d8f894afbc7bc02"},"chapter":"第一章自然与递归","content":"或许有人会问，谢林后期的这种概念化与人们通常对系统概念的规律性(这是18世纪哲学的哲学信条)的印象难道不矛盾吗？创造一个系统，或把哲学当作一个系统的任务，可以说是一种在[44]法国大革命之后、科学确立统治之后复兴形而上学的尝试。谢林是最系统化的思想家之一—或许比黑格尔还系统化—尤其是他通常被称为《自由论》(Freihe-itschrift)的最后一部作品，《论人类自由的本质》。这本书里有一句很有名的话：系统无法摆脱恶，而恶总是作为自由的可能性呈现在系统中。在这里，我们只要看到偶然性它可以是恶的，也可以是例外状态一是内在于系统的就够了。我们的兴趣在于对谢林的自然哲学进行历史批判性阐述，因为它是一种通过建立一个一般性系统来消除对立(现实一理念、主体一客体、偶然性一必然性)的努力，我们可以追随谢林，称这个系统为一般有机体(AllgemeinerOrganismus)。\n\n作为有机存在的系统正是在这种设想中被提了出来，由此我们想把它理解为控制论的先驱。当自然被以这种方式看待，它就消融在控制论中了：这是自然的终结。自然终结了，因为那种在某种意义上说天真的、浪漫主义的、生产性的自然已不复存在，它被控制论取代了；在海德格尔看来，这正是一般意义上的哲学所遭遇的。①然而系统究竟是什么？主体和客体(自然)在什么意义上能够和解?\n\n第一章 自然与递归\n\n53","previous_page":52,"next_page":54}