{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2","title":"审美资本主义：品味的工业化","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787567508804","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2","id":"ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2","uuid":"ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2","title":"审美资本主义：品味的工业化","normalized_title":"审美资本主义品味的工业化","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787567508804","isbns":["9787567508804"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":221,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%AE%A1%E7%BE%8E%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%EF%BC%9A%E5%93%81%E5%91%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E5%8C%96","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":111,"pdf_page":118,"physical_index":118,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"c33543da5ad7058748eabf747dbfccd7f54de9c677884ad389b6519f31464624"},"chapter":"审美资本主义","content":"个人所同化为自己的欲望、变成自己固有的反映自主意志的东西，正是生产者煽动和施加影响的目标物品。所有的劝说艺术都让个体相信生产者的所作所为都只是为了回应消费者的欲望，这个过程因此变得更有效。在这种观点中，供应有控制需求的职责。马克思强调生产不仅仅是为了主体生产客体，也是为了客体生产主体。欲望和人们认为是为了满足欲望才进行的商品生产之间其实不存在时间上的先后关系。审美品味一旦产生，一方面，它能够增加消费，因为我们的欲望是无穷的、可自由调节的；另一方面，它能从精神的角度为接纳满足个人需求的商品的行为提供依据。然而，任何一种“社会需求都不可能在能够满足这种需求的商品和服务的发明创造出来之前而存在”。①抽烟和喝茶的需求只可能在烟草和茶叶被发现之后才会表现出来，对产品和相应品味持续推广的目的正在于此。②\n\n① 塔尔德确切地强调了模仿在个人和集体的审美习惯改变过程中的作用：“总的来说，人不仅仅是善于模仿的，而且模仿的方式往往是被动的。无论哪种显著的行为都是遵守社会行为的秩序。所有人读诗、看画、听音乐或看戏剧的品味，早在他们具备写诗、画画、写乐曲和剧本的品味之前就已经通过对旁人的模仿得到了。某些伟大的文学或艺术名作如此普世、超民族的光辉就是由此而来。”(塔尔德，《模仿的定律》，第357页。)\n\n111","previous_page":110,"next_page":112}