{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2","title":"审美资本主义：品味的工业化","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787567508804","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2","id":"ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2","uuid":"ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2","title":"审美资本主义：品味的工业化","normalized_title":"审美资本主义品味的工业化","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787567508804","isbns":["9787567508804"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":221,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%AE%A1%E7%BE%8E%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%EF%BC%9A%E5%93%81%E5%91%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E5%8C%96","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ef817ee5-07cd-4d04-b5aa-20e07a77acc2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":21,"pdf_page":28,"physical_index":28,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"8b4bdda299e20866d3f9511b6d4674c9fddfd11343fcf25d0b9be701440c9f17"},"chapter":"审美资本主义","content":"然而，宫廷致力于为好品味制定一些规则，个人品味的鉴别和评估能力却会限制这些规则的影响力。个人品味与宫廷规则之间的矛盾至少会造成两种后果：一方面，对于贵族阶级而言，他们将必须完美地履行一个新的义务——在顺从整个精英阶层都必须遵守的共同规则的同时，使自己的审美品味与众不同。这要求贵族们必须创造新的规则，而不仅仅满足于复制已经存在的规则。因为对于宫廷朝臣们而言，在群体内部凸显自我比面对群体外部更为重要。另一方面，既然好品味并非模仿一个小群体所特有的行为作风，那它自然就是所有人都可以拥有的。尽管仍然有待实现，但好品味并不是宫廷贵族阶层所专有的。从这层意义上看，品味的“个体性”特征从根源上包含了品味将从宫廷贵族扩展到其他社会阶层的定律。①\n\n①到了18世纪，《百科全书》中伏尔泰所撰写的“品味”词条从某种意义上承认了这一趋势。在解释“品味”一词从味觉品味的本意发展到审美品味的喻意的历程时，伏尔泰肯定了“品味”是任何人都具备的先验：“品味，这种感官，这种辨别事物的天赋，在所有已知语言中的这个词都产生了同一个喻意，即对所有艺术中美和丑的感觉:这种辨别力就像舌头和味觉的辨别力一样，是即时的、先于思想的；审美品味与味觉品味一样，对于好的事物会产生感觉和欲望，对于坏的事物则会厌恶地拒绝(…)。正如生理上的坏品味指的是对于过分刺激或过分讲究的口味的偏好，艺术领域的坏品味也是指偏好过分雕琢的装饰、无法感受自然之美。”\n\n21","previous_page":20,"next_page":22}