{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"f268fc36-9638-4031-ac8b-0eb144fb5157","title":"跟大卫·哈维读《资本论》 第二卷","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532768974","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"f268fc36-9638-4031-ac8b-0eb144fb5157","id":"f268fc36-9638-4031-ac8b-0eb144fb5157","uuid":"f268fc36-9638-4031-ac8b-0eb144fb5157","title":"跟大卫·哈维读《资本论》 第二卷","normalized_title":"跟大卫哈维读资本论第二卷","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532768974","isbns":["9787532768974"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":418,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/f268fc36-9638-4031-ac8b-0eb144fb5157","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%B7%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%AB%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%BB%B4%E8%AF%BB%E3%80%8A%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E8%AE%BA%E3%80%8B%20%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%B7","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/f268fc36-9638-4031-ac8b-0eb144fb5157/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/f268fc36-9638-4031-ac8b-0eb144fb5157/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/f268fc36-9638-4031-ac8b-0eb144fb5157","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/f268fc36-9638-4031-ac8b-0eb144fb5157/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/f268fc36-9638-4031-ac8b-0eb144fb5157/search"},"page":{"printed_page":17,"pdf_page":24,"physical_index":24,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"5be13d14a5fbac712ec719a1f06c525cd75ad4d3cef350702cc1e63063ba0389"},"chapter":"跟大卫·哈维读《资本论》","content":"马克思在《政治经济学批判大纲》中提到：\n\n生产表现为起点，消费表现为终点，分配和交换表现为中间环节……生产、分配、交换、消费因此形成一个正规的三段论法：生产是一般，分配和交换是特殊，消费是个别，全体由此结合在一起……生产决定于一般的自然规律；分配决定于社会的偶然情况，因此它能够或多或少地对生产起促进作用；交换作为形式上的社会运动介于两者之间；而消费这个不仅被看成终点而且被看成最后目的的结束行为，除了它又会反过来作用于起点并重新引起整个过程之外，本来不属于经济学的范围。①\n\n这段表述是理解马克思《资本论》方法的基础。需要注意的是一般(生产)、特殊(交换和分配)还有个别(消费)之间的区别，这里的一般是确定的、规律性的，特殊是偶然的、视情况而定的(例如社会斗争的结果取决于双方力量对比)，个别在我看来是变化莫测的，潜在地是混沌的。同样我们也要注意消费这一“个别”很大程度上在“经济学之外”(就像《资本论》第1页中写到的，可能属于历史王国)。这里的总体框架如表1所示。\n\n导言\n\n① 《马克思恩格斯全集》，第1版,第四十六卷(上册)，第26页,北京：人民出版社，1979。\n\n017","previous_page":16,"next_page":18}