{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1","title":"时间的观念","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7301112599","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1","id":"fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1","uuid":"fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1","title":"时间的观念","normalized_title":"时间的观念","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7301112599","isbns":["7301112599"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":239,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%82%E5%BF%B5","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1/search"},"page":{"printed_page":167,"pdf_page":188,"physical_index":188,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"f562e30f31817a0dd839a7af15c0c00bfc27592d35eb181c119c44761a1778df"},"chapter":"第九章物理时间之矢的发现","content":"四、热力学时间之矢的新诠释\n\n引力论与量子论相统一的理论还遥遥无期，宇宙学和量子论的时间之矢已然浮现，但远未被澄清。但是，对热力学第二定律的理解却在进一步深化，这特别应归功于以普里戈金为首的布鲁塞尔学派的工作。\n\n普里戈金等的理论展示了全新的概念结构，我认为可以归结为两个方面：第一，热力学第二定律并不是在经典动力学基础之上的宏观近似，而是动力学的基本原理，可以从它开始建立动力学的更一般的形式体系；第二，热力学第二定律并不意味着热力学系统的单向退化，它也是进化的原动力，熵最大状态只是演化的终态，而在演化过程中，不可逆性会导致自组织的出现。\n\n1. 热力学与动力学的和解\n\n由于微观粒子严格遵从可逆性的经典力学方程，热力学第二定律在微观领域是不成立的，它在宏观领域的成立，只是因为我们对大量粒子施行统计平均的结果。时间之矢只是某种宏观世界——我们人类生活的世界——特有的东西，不存在热力学第二定律的动力学解释。这就是玻尔兹曼为争取时间之矢的微观解释而奋斗但最终败下阵来时所被迫接受的结论。\n\n第九章/物理时间之矢的发现\n\n167","previous_page":166,"next_page":168}