{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1","title":"时间的观念","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7301112599","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1","id":"fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1","uuid":"fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1","title":"时间的观念","normalized_title":"时间的观念","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7301112599","isbns":["7301112599"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":239,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%82%E5%BF%B5","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/fa3bee61-e882-42bc-89bc-c63de89efec1/search"},"page":{"printed_page":38,"pdf_page":59,"physical_index":59,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"5d30d8965a7ecaca6278177d3656e83d44bfa01e5c2c6d431701bd0189903190"},"chapter":"第二章中国传统时间观","content":"时间的观念\n\n“时”之意味还特别体现在治病救人的医学上。对治病用药讲究时间性，这在世界各民族的医学中是别具一格的。“《内经》认为，人的生理、病理现象，要受气候条件的影响，甚至一日之内的不同时刻，人的生理病理表现也不同。因而养生、防病、治病都应当因时制宜。”〔1〕《内经》里有关天时与人体状况之间相关联的论述颇多，兹举几例：\n\n正月二月，天气始方，地气始发，人气在肝。三月四月，天气正方，地气定发，人气在脾。五月六月，天气盛，地气高，人气在头。(《素问·诊要经终论》)\n\n平旦人气生，日中而阳气隆，日西而阳气已虚，气门乃闭。(《素问·生气通天论》)\n\n由于人体生理与天时如此地关联，适时变得极为重要。“凡刺之法，必候日月星辰，四时八正之气，气定乃刺之。”(《素问·八正神明》)这是指的针灸取穴要注意时间，因为“谨候其时，病可与期；失时反候者，百病不治。”(《灵枢·卫气行》)下面是失时的后果：\n\n春刺夏分，脉乱气微，入淫骨髓，病不能愈，令人不嗜食又且少气。春刺秋分，筋挛逆气，环为咳嗽，病不愈，令人时惊又且哭。（《素问·诊要经终论》)\n\n“时”的第二方面是指更抽象、更一般性的机会、条件，所谓“时机”是也。俗话说“机不可失，时不再来”，讲的就是“时机”。中国人的实用理性，在处理世事中的灵活与机敏，全通过“时机”一词表现出来。不同的时候，该做什么，不该做什么，一旦做如何扣住机关，对此的明察是实用理性。\n\n38\n\n[1〕李申：《中国古代哲学和自然科学》，中国社会科学出版社1993年版，第362页。","previous_page":37,"next_page":39}