--- schema_version: "library-reader-v1" source_type: "original_book" title: "人工智能和资本主义的未来" author: null edition: null publisher: null year: null isbn: "9780745338613" library_document_id: "a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02" source_sha256: "15c6139a50a0b26b71d6ea595faa034f40b5f04c9236d1b2341bc033fc1d60fc" pdf_physical_page_count: 225 pdf_physical_page_index_base: 0 range_start: 200 range_count: 10 html_url: "https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02?start=200&limit=10" markdown_url: "https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02.md?start=200&limit=10" previous_url: "https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02.md?start=190&limit=10" next_url: "https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02.md?start=210&limit=10" --- # 人工智能和资本主义的未来 > 页码规则：PDF_PHYSICAL_PAGE_INDEX 是从 0 开始的权威文件物理页索引；PRINTED_PAGE 是页面中识别出的印刷页码，可能为空，二者不得混用。 ## PDF_PHYSICAL_PAGE_INDEX=200 | PRINTED_PAGE=192 192 inhuman power ## PDF_PHYSICAL_PAGE_INDEX=201 | PRINTED_PAGE=193 bibliography 193 ## PDF_PHYSICAL_PAGE_INDEX=202 | PRINTED_PAGE=194 194 inhuman power ## PDF_PHYSICAL_PAGE_INDEX=203 | PRINTED_PAGE=195 bibliography 195 ## PDF_PHYSICAL_PAGE_INDEX=204 | PRINTED_PAGE=196 196 inhuman power ## PDF_PHYSICAL_PAGE_INDEX=205 | PRINTED_PAGE=197 bibliography 197 ## PDF_PHYSICAL_PAGE_INDEX=206 | PRINTED_PAGE=198 198 . inhuman power ## PDF_PHYSICAL_PAGE_INDEX=207 | PRINTED_PAGE=199 bibliography 199 ## PDF_PHYSICAL_PAGE_INDEX=208 | PRINTED_PAGE=NOT_DETECTED Index 1844 Manuscripts 115–17 2312 (Robinson) 26 abstract labour 136 abstraction 66 abyssal view 8 Accelerando (Stross) 27, 137 accelerationist view 7 see also maximalist view Accenture 59, 73 accumulation 31, 43, 44, 141, 143 actually-existing AI 10, 11–12 actually-existing AI-capitalism 2, 21, 50, 51tab, 146 Adami, Christoph 126 adaptability 118, 119, 124–5, 126 advertising 33, 37, 98–9, 100 affect 64, 66 agency 139 AGI (artificial general intelligence) concept of 10, 110, 111–13 Marxist theory and 130–8 narrow AI approaches to 127–9 Neoreaction and 157–8 personification of capital and 138–9 projects on 1, 113–14 proletarianization of 135–8 surplus population and 140–4 AI (artificial intelligence) actually-existing AI 10, 11–12 communist orientation to 146–56, 160–2, 166n1 definitions and types 9–15 ‘democratization’ of 52–6 goal of 3, 9, 32 key players 32–8, 38–42 as technical fix to capital’s problems 71–2, 73, 74–5 see also ML (machine learning) ‘AI Apocalypse Now’ view 87–8, 91, 142 AI Effect 9 AI Safety movement 44–5 AI science fiction 24–8 Alexa 34, 58, 140 Algorithmic Justice League 105 algorithms common current uses of 33, 36–8 discrimination and 86–7, 95–6, 104, 105–6, 164n2 for hiring workers 92, 95–6 model building and deployment 76–9 resistance to 104–6 for workplace surveillance 92–4 Allstate insurance 83 Alpaydin, Ethem 114, 127 Alphabet see Google/Alphabet AlphaGo 14, 37, 88, 120–1, 123 Amazon AI-based products, range of 37 Alexa 34, 58, 140 automated stores 59–60, 61–2, 85 crowd sourcing platform of 78 employee resistance at 101–2, 103 fulfilment centres of 84–5, 93, 101–2 Web Services (cloud) 42, 53 ambient intelligence 57–62 Andreessen, Marc 150 Android operating system 37, 54–5, 99 androids 26, 68, 131, 137 animals 115–20, 165n9 Apache 2.0 53 Apple 33, 36, 38, 74, 163n2 artificial general intelligence see AGI artificial intelligence see AI artificial neural networks (ANNs) 13, 166n13 convolutional 120 deep 76, 120 generative 123 generative adversarial network 65 recurrent 58 recursive cortical network 123 Ashton, Kevin 56–7 ASI (artificial superintelligence) 10–11 ‘augmentation’ euphemism 83, 90 augmented reality (AR) 33 automata (historic) 130–1 automated luxury communism 146–7 AutoML 129–30 autonomist Marxism 69–75, 155–6 autonomous vehicles 33, 42–3, 45, 81, 82–3 Azure cloud service 42 ## PDF_PHYSICAL_PAGE_INDEX=209 | PRINTED_PAGE=201 Baidu 33, 35, 42, 53–4, 80 Banks, Ian 26 Bastani, Aaron 6 Baum, Seth D. 11, 113–14, 165n5, 165n6 BAYOU ML 79 Benanav, Aaron 141–2 Bennett, Jane 161 Benton, Ted 119 Bernes, Jasper 147–9, 153 Bezos, Jeff 1 Blade Runner 25–6 Boeing 159 Bost, Matthew W. 67 Bostrom, Nick 11, 129, 151 Bratton, Benjamin 112, 152 Brexit 101 Brin, Sergey 1, 4, 37 Brooks, Rodney 12 Brynjolfsson, Erik 87–8 bubbles 44–6 ‘Business-as-Usual’ view 87, 88–9, 91, 109, 142 business investment, since 2008 crash 45–6, 80 Caffe2 53 Caffentzis, George 19, 23–4, 132 call centres 83–4, 93 Cambridge Analytica 100 Čapek, Karel 133–5 capital AI as technical fix for problems of 71–2, 73, 74–5 circulating 70–4, 79–80, 82–7 constant 15–21 falling rate of profit and 17–18, 19 fixed 15–21, 16, 63–4, 69–70, 79–80, 133, 134, 137, 163n5, 164n5 freedom from 155–6 humans, emancipation from 7, 32, 111, 140–4, 145, 149, 157–9 organic composition of 17, 19, 24, 141, 155 personification of 138–9 state support of 38–42 variable 15, 17, 18, 69–70, 138–9 CAPTCHA codes 122–3, 124 caregiving 95 casino workers 68 chatbots 58–9, 60, 83, 92 chess (Deep Blue) 12, 36, 127 China AI development by 40–1, 80 automated stores in 85 communist views of AI in 166n1 labour issues in 74, 81 resistance in 102 US competition with 35, 40–1 Chinese Room experiment 11, 126 choice (by humans), replacement of 56–8, 98, 140, 145 circulation of capital 70–4, 79–80, 82–7 citizens’ income (universal basic income, UBI) 6, 143, 146, 150–1 citizenship 137 class composition 69–75, 79 class conflict 16–17, 101 class power 69, 73 Clegg, John 141–2 closed source creep 54–6 cloud (the) 42–3 CNN (convolutional neural networks) 120, 165n12 CNTK 53 Cockshott, Paul 119, 125 cognition ambient intelligence and 58–60 ANNs and 13 GOFAI and 11–12 human, as a restraint 52, 57 Marx on 117–18, 119 means of 31, 62–7 SED and 12 use of term 31, 52 cognitive capitalism 31, 63 see also post-Fordism Collins, Harry 24–5 commodities 132–4, 137–8 communication 58–60, 65 see also replacement: of human interaction communism of capitalism 56 communist orientation to AI 149–56, 160–2, 166n1 competition 17 compulsion 135 concentration 41, 42, 43–4, 107–8 consciousness 11, 113, 116–17, 126–7, 139 constant vs fixed capital 15–21 consumption 17, 18 see also circulation of capital content moderation 78 control function 23 convolutional neural networks (CNN) 120, 165n12 Cook, Mike 25 corvée 135 creativity 110, 117, 118, 120–1, 126 crises/recessions 17–18, 21, 39, 45–6, 73, 142 ‘Culture’ novels (Banks) 26 curation 61–2 cybernetic capitalism 22–3, 50, 51tab cyberpunk science fiction 25–6 dark-side AI 55–6 Dartmouth College workshop 9, 12, 36, 111 data cleaning and moderating 77–8 data protection 41, 104–5 De Stefano, Valerio 91–2 decomposition of working-class 70, 71–2, 73, 75, 97–101 Deep Blue 12, 36, 127 deep learning 66, 127, 164n2 deep neural networks 76 DeepMind Technologies 1, 14, 35, 37, 113, 114, 120–1, 123 defence industry 39–40, 74–5, 103, 152–3 see also security industry Deliveroo 102 Department of Defense (US) 39, 40 Didi 102 digital capitalism see post-Fordism digital journalism 102 digital personal assistants 33 discrimination 86–7, 95–6, 103, 104, 105–6, 157–8, 164n2 disposability of populations 5–6 dispossession 138 Domingos, Pedro 127 Dong, Catherine 76–7 dot.com bubble 44 Drexler, Eric K. 151 driverless vehicles 33, 42–3, 45, 81, 82–3 DSSTNE 53 Duplex 58–9, 83–4 economic crises 17–18, 21, 39, 45–6, 73, 142 The Economist 33, 34, 43–4 ecosocialism 161–2 edge computing 42–3, 99 education 96–7 elder care 95 Elster, Jon 119 emancipation, of capital from humans 7, 32, 111, 140–4, 145, 149, 157–9 emotions 66 employees of tech companies see tech industry environment 152 Ernest, Guy 53 Eubanks, Virginia 86–7 European Union 41, 104–5, 137 existential risk 151–2 Expensify 77–8 expert systems 12, 32 see also GOFAI exploitation 3, 6, 15, 20, 69–70, 84, 102, 136, 149, 152 Facebook AI research at 37, 98–9 bots on 59 content moderation at 21, 78 opening of libraries by 53 resistance to 105, 107 Trump campaign and 100–1, 107 facial identification software 103, 104 Fall Revolution books (MacLeod) 27 falling rate of profit (FROP) 17–18, 19 far right/neo-fascism 73, 100–1, 157–8 fauxtomation 5 FBLearner Flow (FBL) 98–9 Federated Learning project 99 Federici, Sylvia 5 Fei Fei Li 53 fetishism 139, 149 ‘Fight for 15’ movement 5 Figure Eight 77 financial crisis (2008) 21, 39, 45–6, 73 financialization 45–6, 72, 73 fixed capital constant capital vs 15–21 definition 163n5, 164n5 general social knowledge and 63–4 (see also general intellect) machines as 133, 134 slaves as 137 social function of 16, 79–80 variable capital vs 15, 17, 18, 69–70 flexibility 110, 118, 125 Ford, Martin 87–8 Fordism 50, 51tab, 70 forms of appearance 132–3 see also social forms FOSS (free and open-source) programming 53–6, 113 Foster, John Bellamy 161 Foxconn 74, 81 ‘Fragment on Machines’ (Marx) 18–19, 67, 109, 131–5, 136, 152–3 Frank, Morgan R. 91 freedom 116–18, 136–7 Frey, Carl 88 FROP (falling rate of profit) 17–18, 19 Gartner 44, 59, 83 Gates, Bill 4 GDP, labour’s share of 73 GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) 41, 104–5 gender abolition of 167n4 composition of labour and 72 discrimination on 95–6, 103, 105–6, 157–8 simulation of 58 general conditions of production AGI and 129–30 ambient intelligence and 58–62 concept of 30–1 open-source and 53–6 the state and 39–40 General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) 41, 104–5 general intellect 31–2, 63–7 general intelligence 125–6, 128 see also AGI generalization 48, 121 gig economy 93, 150–1 Gillespie, Tarleton 38 GitHub 79 global warming 152 globalization 71–4, 77–8, 81 Go (game) see AlphaGo Goertzel, Ben 110, 112–13, 128–9 GOFAI (Good Ol’ Fashioned AI) 11–12, 32 Golumbia, David 158 Google/Alphabet automated machine learning project 129–30 chatbots by 58–9 cloud service of 42, 55 content moderation by 78 DeepMind 1, 14, 35, 37, 113, 114, 120–1, 123 ‘democratization’ of AI and 53, 54–5 discriminatory hiring and 96 employee resistance at 40, 103 new sectors targeted by 33 online booking system of 83–4 overview of AI activities 36–7 public resistance to 106 search algorithm of 98 Singularity U 159 smart cities and 57, 106–7 smartphones, use of for AI training 99 state support of 39 Gordon, Robert 45 Gourevitch, Alex 151 Grace, Katja 121 grammatization 97–101 ‘grey goo’ example 151 Grundrisse (Marx) 18–19, 46–9 see also ‘Fragment on Machines’ Gubrud, Mark Avrum 111 Gui, Terry 74, 81 Haldane, Andy 89 HANA 34 Hanson Robotics 137 Harari, Yuval Noah 126–7, 151 hardware 42–3 Hester, Helen 58 HLAI (human-level artificial intelligence) 128 HLMI (human-level machine intelligence) 112, 114, 165n3, 165n4 hospitality workers 68 Hughes, Chris 150 index 201 下一段：[继续读取](https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02.md?start=210&limit=10)