of ideology 146–151, 153
means of 136
primary communication technologies 136
quaternary communication technologies 136
tertiary communication technologies 136
practices 128–129
protest mobilization 224
sector, labour productivity 297
communication structures 128–129 economic/non-economic 129–131 material/non-material 129–131
communication technologies, reification 93–99
Communications: Blindspot of Western Marxism 194–196
communications today, elements in Marx's works 182–183 alternatives 181 class analysis 180 crisis 180 dialectical philosophy 180 global communication 182 praxis communication 182
communicative capitalism antagonisms of 143 role of accumulation in 142
computational social science 42–45 as digital positivism 7, 71
concept of authoritarianism, digital authoritarianism 315
concept of society 128–131
conglomerates 30, 121
construction 30–31, 121, 187, 268
consumer goods purchases 236
consumers 16, 31, 64, 69, 73, 108, 148, 151, 153, 204, 218, 233–234, 236, 249, 280, 315
corporations, digital, transnational 314
cost-per-click bid, Facebook 245
creativity 55, 89, 99, 132, 161, 276, 278, 298, 302, 304
audience labour, digital labour 161
crisis 9–10, 83–84, 177, 181–183, 191, 205, 212–213, 215, 217, 219, 221, 223–225, 227–229, 269, 277, 284, 303, 305 capitalist 213–219 targeted advertising 219–223
critical digital research 177–192
critical marketing 193–212
critical-realist social media research ethics 187–189
Critique of Dialectical Reason 135, 154
Critique of Everyday Life 127–156
critique of quantification 96–99
cultural workers 108
culture industry 3, 32, 105–109, 122, 124, 131, 148–149, 272, 313 subjects, human meaning-making 108
defining capitalism 11–25
Deliveroo’s self-presentation, worker freedom model 57
Democratic Republic of Congo 241, 245, 259–260
dialectical philosophy 147, 180, 182, 191
digital alienation 207–208 matrix 209
digital authoritarianism 111–119 F-scale, concept of authoritarianism 315 friend/enemy-scheme 115–117 law-and-order politics 117–119 nationalism 114–115
Index
321