"From Art to System," American Machinist, November 1977; Grabbe, Automation in Business and Industry; Charles R. Walker, Toward the Automatic Factory (Yale University Press, 1957).
[3]“Taylor Instrument. ”
4]关于自动化在炼油业的应用，我应当感谢Peter Hayes的帮助，他在这个问题上 的研究相当深入。此处的讨论取自下列文献：“Technological Trends in Major American Industries," Bureau of Labor Statistics Bulletin 1474 (February 1966), pp. 179 — 184; “Taylor Instrument”; Theodore J. Williams, “Systems Engineering in the Process Industries," E. P. Schock lecture, University of Texas, Austin, October 16, 1959; Edward John Williams, “The Impact of Technology on Employment in the Petroleum Refinery Industry in Texas, 1947—1966," lecture, University of Texas at Austin, December 1971; “Labor Outlook," Oil and Gas Journal (October 26, 1964); T. C. Wheny and J. R. Parsons, “Guide to Profitable Computer Control,” Hydrocarbon Processing (April 1967); “Digital Computers: Key to Tomorrow's Pushbutton Refinery," Oil and Gas Journal (October 5, 1959); “Justification for Optimizing Control Strengthens with Time," Oil and Gas Journal (October 25, 1965); “Designing Plant Models for Improved Control," Oil and Gas Journal (December 8, 1980); “Humble to Drop 500 Baytown Workers," Oil and Gas Journal (October 1, 1962); “Refinery Strike: Suggest Plant Can Be Run with Still Fewer Men," Oil and Gas Journal (November 12, 1962); L S. Belzung, John P. Owen, and John F. MacNaughton, The Anatomy of a Work force Reduction (Center for Research in Business and Economics，University of Houston，1966)。关于自动化工艺的应用以及对劳工 的影响，还可参见 Walker，Toward the Automatic Factory(steel mill)；Duncan Gallie, In Search of the New Working Class (Cambridge University Press, 1978) (petroleum refining)；以及Geoff Bernstein的未发表的手稿对于自动化在提纯铀方面的应用，senior thesis, Harvard University, 1980.
[5]关于集装箱运输对码头工人的影响，参见 Stan Weir，“Effects of Containerization on Longshoremen"(U. S. Department of Labor, 1977); Herb Mills, “Mechanization of the San Francisco Waterfront," in Zimbalist, Case Studies on the Labor Process; and Lincoln Fairley, “ILWU-PMA Mechanization and Modernization Agreement"(U. S. Department of Labor，Labor-Management Services Administration，1977)。还可参见 Ben Seligman, Most Notorious Victory, p. 245.
[6] “Digital Computers: Key to Tomorrow's Pushbutton Refining,” p. 140; “Labor Outlook," Wheny and Parsons, “Guide. "
[7] William E. Miller, “Digital Computer Applications to Process Control," Proceedings Of the First International Conference, September 1964; "Taylor Instrument", Oil
第4章 关于自动化工厂的争议
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