15.Sandra Salmans, “Playboy's Hopes in Cable TV," New York Times, March 15, 1983, http://www.nytimes.com/1983/o3/15/business/playboy-s-hopes-in-cable-tv.html.
- Murdoch held conservative political opinions, leading to speculation that the news broadcast would offer a "conservative alternative to what he views as liberal bias among traditional news."However, Murdoch, at the time, claimed that he would not champion a conservative agenda because he believed “it's more important to be fair."See Lawrie Mifflin,"At the NewFox News Channel, theBuzzword Is Fairness, Separating News from Bias,"New York Times,October7, 1996, http://www nytimes .com/1996/1o/o7/business/at-the-new-fox-news-channel-the-buzzword-is-fairness -separating-news-from-bias.html.
- Fred W. Friendly, “Asleep at the Switch of the Wired City,” The Saturday Review, October 10, 1970, 3.
- See Peter Ainslie, "Confronting a Nation of Grazers," Channels, September 1988, 54-62; and Jib Fowles,WhyViewers Watch: A Reappraisal of Television's Effects (NewburyPark,CA: SAGE Publications, 1992), 37.
- Bernice Kanner, "The Newest Ploy: Bait-and-Wait," New York, June 17, 1985, 41.
- Rena Bartos, "Ads That Irritate May Erode Trust in Advertised Brands," Harvard Business Review 59 (1981), 137.
- Kanner, "The Newest Ploy," 41.
- Those responsible for the Coca-Cola advertisement believed that juxtaposing an intimidating man to a young, vulnerable boy would naturally build tension and warm hearts when the Coke would be handedover. In fact, Greenerecalls howthe advertisement drastically changed his image: "I was suddenly approachable .. . kids were no longer afraid of me, and older people . . . would come upand offer me a Coke." Jay Moye,"Commercial Appeal: 'Mean' JoeGreene Reflections on Iconic Coca-Cola Ad That Changed His Life,"Coca-Cola, last modified January 16, 2o14, http://www .coca-colacompany.com/stories/commercial-appeal-mean-joe-greene-reflects-on -iconic-coca-cola-ad-that-changed-his-life/.
- David Burnham, “The Computer, The Consumer and Privacy," New YorkTimes, March4,1984,http://www.nytimes.com/1984/o3/04/weekinreview/the-computer -the-consumer-and-privacy.html.
第14章 电子邮件以及“签到”的力量
- Ray Tomlinson,"The First Network Email," http://openmap.bbn.com/-tomlinso /ray/firstemailframe.html.
- "The ManWho Made You Put AwayYour Pen," All Things Considered, NPR, November 15, 2009, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=120364591.
- William F. Allman, "The Accidental History of the @ Symbol," Smithsonian Magazine,September 2012, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the -accidental-history-of-the-symbol-18o54936/?no-ist.
- Katie Hafnerand Matthew Lyon, Where Wizards StayUp Late: The Origins of the Internet (NewYork: Simon & Schuster, 1998).
- David G. Myers, Exploring Psychology, 8th ed. (New York: Worth Publishers,2009), 253.
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