- AUB, Buildings and Grounds, Individual Buildings, box 16: Jessup Hall; Lee Observatory; Marquand House; Medical Center, 1874; file 3: Lee Observatory, 1874-; excerpts from Najwa Shaheen Haffar, "The Observatory and the Stars," article taken from AUB's magazine al- Kulliyya, Autumn/Winter 1988, 11. 参见AUB, Buildings and Grounds, Individual Buildings, College Hall, AA: 2.5.3.3.2.3, box 5: General; Tower and Bell; Explosion, 1936-; file 3: Tower and Bell; draft manuscript for article later published in AUB's offcial newspaper, Outlook.
- Selim Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains: Ideology and the Legitimation of Power in the Late Ottoman Empire, 1876–1909 (London: I. B. Tauris, 1998).
- 关于安纳托利亚的各个钟塔，参见Mehmet Bengü Uluengin, "Secularizing Anatolia Tick by Tick: Clock Towers in the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republic," International Journal of Middle East Studies 42 (2010): 17–36. 还可参看Klaus Kreiser, “Ottoman Clock Towers: A Preliminary Survey and Some General Remarks on Construction Dates, Sponsors, Locations, and Functions," in Essays in Honor of Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu, vol. 1, ed. Mustafa Kacar and Zeynep Durukal (Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History, Art, and Culture, 2006), 545-547. 桑给巴尔的苏丹在1879年建造了一座钟楼：参 见Roman Loimeier, Eine Zeitlandschaft in der Globalisierung: Das islamische Sansibar im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert (Bielefeld: Transcript, 2012), 90. 关于 法国国内围绕教堂大钟的象征性的，且往往非常实际的冲突，参见Alain
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